vLLM

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Self-hosted

Can be run on hardware you own or rent, with no vendor in the data path.

Private cloud

Can be deployed into a cloud account and region you control, with the provider as a processor.

On-premise (enterprise plan)

On-premise deployment is offered, typically only on an enterprise agreement.

• self_hostedPrivate company knowledge base (self-hosted RAG)Open WebUI as the employee interface, vLLM serving a Qwen2.5-14B-Instruct model on a single 24 GB GPU, PostgreSQL with pgvector for chats and embeddings, and OIDC single sign-on — all in Docker on one server in your office or colocation rack. Ollama replaces vLLM for teams under about 20 users; a 48 GB GPU lets you run a 32B model for better answers.
• self_hostedCustomer-support agent with knowledge base and handoffDify self-hosted as the agent builder and knowledge base, a local model on vLLM behind it, pgvector or Qdrant for retrieval, and n8n for the handoff into your helpdesk. Scoped deliberately: a defined topic list, a refusal path, and a human queue.
• self_hostedLocal LLM inference server (Ollama / vLLM)vLLM for throughput or Ollama for simplicity, one GPU, and LiteLLM in front as the gateway that issues per-team keys and records spend. The endpoint other recipes point at.
• self_hostedAI coding assistant with private codeTabby for inline completion and Continue for in-editor chat, both pointed at a local model served by vLLM. Continue can be installed from a downloaded extension file and configured against local models for air-gapped environments; telemetry is switched off deliberately.
• private_cloudPrivate-cloud RAG in a single regionA GPU instance in one region running vLLM and Open WebUI, a managed PostgreSQL with pgvector for chats and embeddings, object storage for the original files, and your existing identity provider for sign-in. Same software as the on-premise recipe; different trust boundary.
• self_hostedContract review and clause extractionDocling converts the contract to structured text with layout preserved; a 32B open-weight model on vLLM fills a JSON schema of clause fields under constrained decoding; results land in PostgreSQL with pgvector for search and precedent lookup; a reviewer approves in the UI.
• self_hostedInvoice capture and extractionInvoices arrive by email or watched folder, Docling converts them (OCR included), a local vision-capable model fills a JSON schema under constrained decoding, code checks the arithmetic and the supplier against your master data, and n8n posts the clean ones while routing the rest to a person.

Tools that serve at least one of the same use cases. Open-source alternatives, with the repository facts behind them, have their own page.

Self-hosted alternatives to vLLM

• Cloud platformsAmazon BedrockAWS service offering models from several providers behind one API in a chosen region, with VPC endpoints, IAM control, guardrails and knowledge bases for retrieval.
• Hybrid — hosted or self-hostedAnythingLLMDesktop and server application that turns a document set into a chat workspace, with per-workspace embeddings, multiple model back ends and a built-in vector store.
• SaaS productsAtlassian RovoSearch, chat and agents across Atlassian products and connected third-party tools, using Atlassian’s cloud permissions model and admin controls.
• Hybrid — hosted or self-hostedauthentikIdentity provider with OpenID Connect, SAML and proxy-based authentication, application-level policies and a forward-auth outpost for services that have no login of their own.
• Cloud platformsAzure OpenAI ServiceOpenAI models served from a customer-selected Azure region under Azure commercial terms, with private networking, content filtering and Entra ID integration.
• SaaS productsChatGPT EnterpriseOpenAI’s administered ChatGPT tier with SSO, workspace controls, retention settings, connectors to company systems and business terms that differ from the consumer product.
• Hybrid — hosted or self-hostedChromaEmbedded and server-mode vector store with a small API surface, often used for prototypes and single-node retrieval before a larger engine is justified.
• SaaS productsClaudeAnthropic’s assistant, available as a team and enterprise product with SSO, audit logs, project workspaces and commercial terms, and as an API for building applications.
• Hybrid — hosted or self-hostedContinueOpen-source IDE extension for VS Code and JetBrains that connects completion and chat to any model back end, including a local server, under a checked-in configuration file.
• Hybrid — hosted or self-hostedDifyPlatform for building LLM applications: visual workflow editor, retrieval pipelines, agent tools, prompt management and an API layer. Available self-hosted or as a managed cloud service.
• LibrariesDoclingDocument conversion toolkit that parses PDF, Office and image files into structured Markdown or JSON, preserving reading order, tables and figures for downstream retrieval.
• Hybrid — hosted or self-hostedFlowiseVisual builder for LLM chains and agents, with retrieval nodes, tool calling and an API or embeddable chat widget for the finished flow.

Issue-spotting for this tool under each published jurisdiction, built from the same rules an answer uses. A page with nothing researched says so rather than filling the gap.

• europevLLM in European UnionRegulation (EU) 2016/679 (GDPR). Directly applicable in every Member State and unamended as of the review date. An AI deployment engages Articles 5 and 6 on principles and lawful basis, 9 on special categories, 13 and 14 on information, 22 on decisions based solely on automated processing, 28 on processors, 32 on security, 35 on impact assessments and Chapter V on transfers out of the EEA. Member States retain room to legislate on employment, which is where Germany’s BDSG § 26 comes in.
• europevLLM in United KingdomUK GDPR, as retained and amended, together with the Data Protection Act 2018. The core duties are unchanged in shape — lawful basis, transparency, purpose limitation, security, processor contracts, international transfers — but the automated decision-making regime now sits in Articles 22A to 22D rather than Article 22. Article 22A defines a decision as based solely on automated processing where there is no meaningful human involvement, and a significant decision as one producing a legal or similarly significant effect. Whether human involvement is meaningful must be considered in light of the extent to which the decision is reached by profiling.
• north-asiavLLM in China (mainland)Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL), in force since 1 November 2021. Requires a lawful basis, notice, and separate consent for defined activities including providing personal information to a third party, publicising it, processing sensitive personal information and sending it abroad. Sensitive personal information needs a specific purpose, sufficient necessity and strict protective measures. A personal information protection impact assessment is required before high-risk processing, including any outbound transfer. Article 38 sets the outbound routes. Entrusted processing must be governed by a contract that fixes purpose, period, method and protective measures.
• north-asiavLLM in Hong KongPersonal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Cap. 486). The Ordinance applies to any person who controls the collection, holding, processing or use of personal data, and works through six Data Protection Principles in Schedule 1 covering collection, accuracy and retention, use, security, openness and access. Data processors are not directly regulated: the data user stays responsible and must impose the requirements on its processors by contract or other means. Contravening a Data Protection Principle is not itself an offence, but the Commissioner may issue an enforcement notice and contravening that notice is.
• north-asiavLLM in JapanAct on the Protection of Personal Information (個人情報の保護に関する法律, Act No. 57 of 2003). Requires the purpose of use to be specified and adhered to, restricts acquisition and third-party provision, sets security control measures, and imposes duties when personal data is entrusted to a contractor — which is what using a model provider usually is. Transfers to a third party in a foreign country are subject to their own regime, with an information duty to the individual. The e-Gov entry currently shows unenforced provisions pending, so check which version applies before relying on an article number.
• north-asiavLLM in South KoreaPersonal Information Protection Act (개인정보 보호법). The version in force is Act No. 20897, effective 2 October 2025. It sets consent and alternative bases, purpose limitation, retention limits, security duties, breach notification and cross-border rules, and since March 2023 has carried Article 37-2, the right of a data subject to object to or refuse a decision made by a completely automated system — expressly including systems applying artificial intelligence — where that decision significantly affects their rights or duties. An amendment promulgated on 10 March 2026 takes effect on 11 September 2026.
• north-asiavLLM in TaiwanPersonal Data Protection Act (個人資料保護法). Applies to public and non-public agencies, with separate collection and use rules for each. Notice at collection, purpose limitation, and a set of statutory bases are the core; special categories including medical records, genetic data, sexual life, health examination and criminal records are subject to a narrower regime. Article 21 lets the competent authority restrict international transfer in defined circumstances — under the text in force, that is the central sector regulator, and restrictions are issued sector by sector rather than as a general adequacy list.

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